Ebola virus outbreaks 2011

A healthcare worker in Spain was infected with Ebola virus while treating a patient recently evacuated from Sierra Leone. The patient later died. The healthcare worker was monitored for signs of EVD and treated in isolation at the start of a fever. Contacts of the healthcare worker and other hospital staff were also monitored. The healthcare worker recovered and there were no other cases reported in Spain.

Ebola Virus Disease—Spain external icon. During the West Africa epidemic, a healthcare worker returning to the UK after volunteering in an Ebola treatment center in Sierra Leone became symptomatic upon arrival in the UK. The case was treated in strict isolation and a range of public health measures were implemented by UK authorities.

This was the first case of Zaire ebolavirus to be detected in the UK. World Health Organization. Ebola Virus Disease—United Kingdom external icon. Disease Outbreak News. The majority were infected with the Ebola virus outside of the U.

Both recovered. CDC collaborated with U. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security, and state and local public health departments to screen travelers returning from Ebola-affected countries, provide safe transport for patients being assessed for EVD, and strengthen preparedness and infection control in hospitals.

The outbreak occurred in November in the Luwero, Jinja, and Nakasongola districts. Genomic analysis of filoviruses associated with four viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in external icon. The outbreak occurred in the Orientale province in the northeast of the country.

This outbreak in DRC had no epidemiologic link to the Ebola outbreak occurring in the Kibaale district of Uganda at the same time. The outbreak occurred in June in Kibaale District. Factors that helped stop the spread of the Ebola virus and limit the size of this outbreak included: 1 a high suspicion of hemorrhagic fever by clinical staff at the outset, 2 the correct use of personal protective equipment and barrier methods to protect hospital staff, and 3 the ability to rapidly confirm Ebola virus through laboratory testing in-country.

Emerging Infectious Diseases. The outbreak occurred in the Mweka and Luebo health zones in the Kasai Occidental province. A number of international partners were involved in the response to this outbreak. Global Alert and Response. This was the first known occurrence of Ebola-Reston virus in pigs. The virus strain was similar to earlier strains. Six workers from a pig farm and slaughterhouse developed antibodies against the virus but did not become sick.

Weekly Epidemiological Record. Discovery of Swine as a Host for the Reston ebolavirus external icon. The outbreak occurred in the Bundibugyo district. This is the first reported occurrence of a new Ebola virus strain. This novel strain appeared similar to other related viruses. Journal of Infectious Diseases. Radio broadcasts were used to deliver accurate and timely messages to the local population about EVD spread and prevention.

The last confirmed case was on October 4 and the outbreak was declared over November Mardi, le 20 novembre Ebola virus haemorrhagic fever, Democratic Republic of the Congo—Update. Two hunters index patients died in Etoumbi Medical Center in April A response team led by the Ministry of Health was rapidly sent to the site.

Most cases were hunters, patient caretakers, or funeral attendees. A Russian laboratory worker was injected with the virus accidentally while working on an Ebola vaccine and later died. A case of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Infektsionnye Bolezni Moscow. The outbreak occurred in Yambio County at the same time as an outbreak of measles in the same area.

Several suspected cases of EVD were later reclassified as measles cases. Community mobilization activities were carried out with meetings held specifically for women in local villages, as they are usually the primary caretaker for patients in their families and communities. Ebola haemorrhagic fever in the Republic of the Congo—Update 6 external icon.

Introduction of the virus into the population occurred after hunters reported close contact with wildlife that was killed or found dead. Direct contact with an infected person, particularly a family member, was the main mode of transmission, with very little spread of the virus within the healthcare setting.

Outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in the Republic of the Congo, a new strategy? The outbreak occurred over the border of Gabon and the Republic of the Congo. The first human cases were associated with hunting and contact with wildlife in the surrounding area.

Weekly Epidemiological Report. An abnormal amount of animals, mostly nonhuman primates, were found dead in the area.

The outbreak started in Gulu and later spread to Masindi and Mbarara districts. Community action and local government support were critical in controlling this outbreak. As gleaned from previous epidemics, providing correct and timely messaging about the disease was important to limit the spread of harmful rumors. An outbreak of Ebola in Uganda external icon. Tropical Medicine and International Health. A Russian laboratory worker was infected with the Ebola virus while working on an experimental treatment for Ebola.

Hemorrhagic Marburg, Ebola, Lassa, and Bolivian fevers: epidemiology, clinical pictures, and treatment. Voprosy Virusologii — Problems of Virology Moscow. Ebola-Reston virus was identified in a monkey export facility in the Philippines.

No human infections were identified. Epidemiology of Ebola subtype Reston virus in the Philippines, external icon. Ebola-Reston virus was introduced into a quarantine facility in Texas by monkeys imported from the Philippines.

Isolated cases of Ebola subtype Reston virus among quarantined non-human primates recently imported from the Philippines to the United States external icon. A medical professional traveled from Gabon to Johannesburg, South Africa, after becoming exposed to the virus while treating Ebola-infected patients. He was hospitalized and recovered. A nurse treating him became infected and died. The first case was a hunter living in a logging camp who spread the virus to others.

There were reports of several dead chimpanzees in the area. Testing of a skin sample obtained from one of the chimpanzees confirmed the animal was infected with Ebola virus. Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Gabon, — epidemiologic and health control issues [PDF KB] external icon. The outbreak occurred in the spring in the village of Mayibout 2, located 0. Background: Ebola virus EBOV ; a public health emergency of international concern,is known to pose threat of global outbreaks.

EBOV has spread in African continent and due to unchecked international travel, importation of cases has been reported in different countries. In this alarming scenario, developing countries need to evaluate and upgrade their preparedness plan to contain the spread of EBOV. The present review lays down the updated preparedness plan for developing countries to contain future EBOV outbreaks.

The second outbreak occurred in what is now South Sudan, approximately miles km away. Initially, public health officials assumed these outbreaks were a single event associated with an infected person who traveled between the two locations.

However, scientists later discovered that the two outbreaks were caused by two genetically distinct viruses: Zaire ebolavirus and Sudan ebolavirus. After this discovery, scientists concluded that the virus came from two different sources and spread independently to people in each of the affected areas. Viral and epidemiologic data suggest that Ebola virus existed long before these recorded outbreaks occurred.

Factors like population growth, encroachment into forested areas, and direct interaction with wildlife such as bushmeat consumption may have contributed to the spread of the Ebola virus.

Since its discovery in , the majority of cases and outbreaks of Ebola Virus Disease have occurred in Africa. The Ebola outbreak in West Africa began in a rural setting of southeastern Guinea, spread to urban areas and across borders within weeks, and became a global epidemic within months. Following the discovery of the virus, scientists studied thousands of animals, insects, and plants in search of its source called reservoir among virologists, people who study viruses.

Gorillas, chimpanzees, and other mammals may be implicated when the first cases of an EVD outbreak in people occur. Like other viruses of its kind, it is possible that the reservoir host animal of Ebola virus does not experience acute illness despite the virus being present in its organs, tissues, and blood.

Thus, the virus is likely maintained in the environment by spreading from host to host or through intermediate hosts or vectors. African fruit bats are likely involved in the spread of Ebola virus and may even be the source animal reservoir host.

The use of contaminated needles and syringes during the earliest outbreaks enabled transmission and amplification of Ebola virus. During the first outbreak in Zaire now Democratic Republic of Congo — DRC , nurses in the Yambuku mission hospital reportedly used five syringes for to patients a day.

Close contact with infected blood, reuse of contaminated needles, and improper nursing techniques were the source for much of the human-to-human transmission during early Ebola outbreaks.