Ebv virus wiki

FDA on Epstein Barr virus. CDC on Epstein Barr virus. Epstein Barr virus in the news. Blogs on Epstein Barr virus. Directions to Hospitals Treating Mononucleosis. Risk calculators and risk factors for Epstein Barr virus. Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M. Most people become infected with EBV, which is often asymptomatic but commonly causes infectious mononucleosis. All EBV nuclear proteins are produced by alternative splicing of a transcript starting at either the Cp or Wp promoters at the left end of the genome in the conventional nomenclature.

The initiation codon of the EBNA-LP coding region is created by an alternate splice of the nuclear protein transcript. EBNA-1 protein binds to a replication origin oriP within the viral genome and mediates replication and partitioning of the episome during division of the host cell. It is the only viral protein expressed during group I latency.

EBNA-1 possesses a glycine - alanine repeat that impairs antigen processing and MHC class I-restricted antigen presentation thereby inhibiting the CD8-restricted cytotoxic T-cell response against virus infected cells. EBNA-1 was initially identified as the target antigen of sera from rheumatoid arthritis patients rheumatoid arthritis-associated nuclear antigen; RANA.

EBNA-2 is the main viral transactivator, switching transcription from the Wp promoters used during initially after infection to the Cp promoter. EBNA-3C is also a ubiquitin - ligase and has been shown to target cell cycle regulators like pRb [6] [7]. LMP-1 is a six-span transmembrane protein that is also essential for EBV-mediated growth transformation. It is believed that they act to inhibit activation of the viral lytic cycle. They are not required for EBV-mediated growth transformation.

The functions of these miRNAs are currently unknown. In most cases of infectious mononucleosis , the clinical diagnosis can be made from the characteristic triad of fever , pharyngitis , and lymphadenopathy lasting for 1 to 4 weeks. In patients with symptoms compatible with infectious mononucleosis, a positive Paul-Bunnell heterophile antibody test result is diagnostic, and no further testing is necessary.

Moderate-to-high levels of heterophile antibodies are seen during the first month of illness and decrease rapidly after week 4. True outbreaks of infectious mononucleosis are extremely rare. A substantial number of pseudo-outbreaks have been linked to laboratory error, as reported in CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, vol.

When "mono spot" or heterophile test results are negative, additional laboratory testing may be needed to differentiate EBV infections from a mononucleosis-like illness induced by cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, or Toxoplasma gondii. Direct detection of EBV in blood or lymphoid tissues is a research tool and is not available for routine diagnosis.

Instead, serologic testing is the method of choice for diagnosing primary infection. Template:Baltimore classification Template:Viral diseases. Template:WikiDoc Sources.

This page is about microbiologic aspects of the organism s. For clinical aspects of the disease, see Mononucleosis. PMID Other laboratories use different nomenclatures. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. Molesworth, Cathleen M. Lake, Corina M.

EBV is found all over the world. Most people get infected with EBV at some point in their lives. EBV spreads most commonly through bodily fluids, primarily saliva. EBV can cause infectious mononucleosis , also called mono, and other illnesses. Many people become infected with EBV in childhood. EBV infections in children usually do not cause symptoms, or the symptoms are not distinguishable from other mild, brief childhood illnesses.

People who get symptoms from EBV infection, usually teenagers or adults, get better in two to four weeks. However, some people may feel fatigued for several weeks or even months. After you get an EBV infection, the virus becomes latent inactive in your body. In some cases, the virus may reactivate. This does not always cause symptoms, but people with weakened immune systems are more likely to develop symptoms if EBV reactivates.

EBV spreads most commonly through bodily fluids, especially saliva. However, EBV can also spread through blood and semen during sexual contact, blood transfusions, and organ transplantations. EBV can be spread by using objects, such as a toothbrush or drinking glass, that an infected person recently used. The virus probably survives on an object at least as long as the object remains moist.

The first time you get infected with EBV primary EBV infection you can spread the virus for weeks and even before you have symptoms. Once the virus is in your body, it stays there in a latent inactive state. If the virus reactivates, you can potentially spread EBV to others no matter how much time has passed since the initial infection.

Diagnosing EBV infection can be challenging because the symptoms are similar to other illnesses. EBV infection can be confirmed with a blood test that detects antibodies. About nine out of ten of adults have antibodies that show that they have a current or past EBV infection.